[Rarebooks] A Hayden Tour de Force

[Pia Oliver]

HAYDEN, F. V. United States Geological and 
Geographical Survey of the Territories 
(Collection). Washington: Government Printing 
Office, 1873 - 1879. Illustrated with numerous 
drawings, sketches, maps, many are large folding 
ones. Quarto, original gilt-lettered brown cloth, 
the "Panoramic Views" is in half red morcocco 
over marbled boards, and volumes 2-3 of "The 
Bulletins" are in half black calf and marbled 
boards. The volumes are generally in very good 
condition, some gilt lettering is dulled, some 
volumes with slight wear to spine ends, some 
library stamps. "Preliminary Report ... Fifth 
Annual Report" with front cover detached but 
present and worn spine. First editions.

The collection was printed in Washington by the 
Government Printing Office [with a few 
exceptions] and consists of:

1.   First, Second, and Third Annual  Reports of 
the United States Geological Survey of the 
Territories for the Years 1867, 1868, and 1869 
Under the Department of the Interior (1873)
2.   Preliminary Report of the United States 
Geological Survey of Wyoming and Portions of 
Contiguous Territories (Being a Second Annual 
Report of Progress ) ... (1872)
3.   Preliminary Report of the United States 
Geological Survey of Montana and Portions of 
Adjacent Territories Being a Fifth Annual Report 
of Progress  (1872)
4.   Final Report of the United States Geological 
Survey of Nebraska and Portions of the Adjacent 
Territories Made Under the Direction of the 
Commissioner of the General Land Office. (1872)
5.   Sixth Annual Report of the United States 
Geological Survey of the Territories Embracing 
Portions of Montana, Idaho, Wyoming and Utah; 
Being a Report of Progress of the Exploration in 
Idaho and Wyoming for the Year 1872 (1873)
6.   Annual Report of the United States 
Geological Survey of the Territories Embracing 
Colorado, Being a Report of the Progress of The 
Explorations for the Year 1873 (1874)
7.   Annual Report of the United States 
Geological Survey of the Territories Embracing 
Colorado and parts of Adjacent Territories, Being 
a Report of the Progress of The Explorations for 
the Year 1874 (1876)
8.   Ninth Annual Report of the United States 
Geological Survey of the Territories Embracing 
Colorado and parts of Adjacent Territories Being 
a Report of Progress of the Exploration for the 
Year 1875 (1877)
9.   Tenth Annual Report of the United States 
Geological Survey of the Territories Embracing 
Colorado and Parts of the Adjacent Territories, 
Being a Report of Progress of the Exploration in 
Idaho and Wyoming for the Year 1876 (1878)
10.   Eleventh Annual Report of the United States 
Geological and Geographical Survey of the 
Territories, embracing Idaho and Wyoming, being a 
Report of Progress of the Exploration for the 
Year 1877 (1879)
11. Twelfth Annual Report of the United States 
Geological Survey of the Territories: a Report of 
Progress of the Exploration in Wyoming and Idaho 
for the Year 1878 in Two Parts . With:  Maps and 
Panoramas. Twelfth Annual Report of the United 
States Geological Survey of the Territories. 
Washington: Government Printing Ofice, 1878. 
Illustrated with 10 drawings and fold-out maps. 
Octavo, original gilt-lettered brown cloth 
portfolio with ties.
12.   Bulletin of the Unites States Geological 
and Geographical Survey of the Territories. 
Volumes II, III, IV, V (each volume in four 
issues) and VI  (in three issues) the last volume 
published. (1876 -1879)
13.   Lists of Elevations Principally in That 
Portion of the United States West of the 
Mississippi River, (1877)
14.   U. S. Geological Survey of the Territories: 
Profiles and Sections, and other Illustrations, 
designed to accompany the final report ... 
sketched under his Direction by Henry W. Elliott. 
Julius Bien, 1872. 65 plates, many folding. One 
of 110 copies.

The very rare "Profiles and Sections" is in half 
red leather with marbled boards, raised bands and 
ornate gold titles and decorations on spine. The 
very rare "Final Report of Nebraska" is in near 
fine condition both externally and internally. 
The large folded map of "Nebraska and Dakotas" 
has very minor foxing. Over all this is a very 
good collection of Haydenís works, containing the 
rarest parts.

Ferdinand V. Hayden, M.D. (1829-1887), who had 
already established a reputation as a master of 
reconnaissance in the Upper Missouri country, was 
placed in charge of the survey of Nebraska, for 
which only $5,000 was available. Hayden, 38, was 
a graduate of Oberlin College in Ohio and Albany 
Medical College. Except during the Civil War 
years, Hayden had been enthusiastically exploring 
the northern Great Plains region since 1853 when 
James Hall, the New York State Geologist, had 
sent him and Fielding B. Meek west to study the 
geology and collect fossils. In 1856 and 1857, 
Hayden had accompanied expeditions led by 
Lieutenant G.K. Warren and in 1859, the 
expedition led by Captain W.F. Raynolds, both of 
the Topographical Engineers. The Hayden survey 
received additional appropriations in 1868 and 
1869 for exploration in Wyoming and Colorado, and 
in 1869 was placed directly under the Secretary 
of the Interior. In 1870, Hayden presented to 
Congress a plan for the geological and 
geographical exploration of the Territories of 
the United States that looked forward to the 
gradual preparation of a series of geographical 
and geological maps of each of the territories on 
a uniform scale. With Congressional blessing the 
Hayden survey then became the Geological and 
Geographical Survey of the Territories under the 
Department of the Interior.
Early in his career, he earned the name "he who 
picks up rocks running" by the Sioux, who 
probably considered him crazy, but harmless. His 
work laid the foundation for the U. S. Geologic 
Survey and he was instrumental in the creation of 
Yellowstone National Park. Hayden lobbied heavily 
to become the first director of the U. S. 
Geologic Survey, but lost in a power struggle 
that involved O. C. Marsh. (Hayden had earned 
Marsh's wrath largely because he had enlisted 
Marsh's arch rival, E. D. Cope, for his survey of 
the Western Territories.)

In early June 1869, Lieutenant Wheeler received 
orders to organize and equip a party to make a 
thorough and careful reconnaissance of the 
country south and east of White Pine, Nevada, as 
far as the head of navigation on the Colorado, to 
obtain data for a military map and to survey the 
possibility of a wagon road and select sites for 
military posts. In 1871, the Engineers sent Lt. 
Wheeler to explore and map the area south of the 
Central Pacific Railroad in eastern Nevada and 
Arizona.

On his return from the 1871 expedition, Wheeler, 
convinced that the day of the pathfinder had 
ended, proposed a plan for mapping the United 
States west of the 100th meridian on a scale of 8 
miles to the inch, expected to cost $2.5 million 
and take 15 years. Congress authorized the 
program on June 10, 1872, the day on which funds 
were appropriated for completion of the Powell 
survey. Hayden that year was given $75,000 for 
his Geological and Geographical Survey of the 
Territories.

Inevitably, conflicts developed between the 
Hayden survey, mapping the Territories of the 
United States, and the Wheeler survey, mapping 
the areas west of the 100th meridian. 
Deterioration of the economy led to another 
consideration of the problem of mapping the West 
in 1878. The King survey had by this time 
completed its reports, but the Hayden, Powell, 
and Wheeler surveys were still in the field. The 
Hayden Survey did get $100,000 to pay bills 
incurred by re-labelling expenses. But the 
legislation also provided that the Hayden, 
Powell, and Wheeler surveys be discontinued as of 
June 30, 1879. -U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. 
Department of the Interior

$9,000.00

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